# n8n 安裝指南 (本地部署)

## 概述

本文檔說明如何在 macOS 上安裝 n8n 工作流自動化平台，配置為本地部署，使用 Queue 模式。

---

## 當前狀態

| 項目 | 狀態 |
|------|------|
| n8n | ✅ 已安裝 v2.3.5 |
| 數據目錄 | /Users/accusys/momentry/var/n8n/ |
| 日誌目錄 | /Users/accusys/momentry/log/ |
| Main Plist | /Library/LaunchDaemons/com.momentry.n8n.main.plist |
| Worker Plist | /Library/LaunchDaemons/com.momentry.n8n.worker.plist |
| 數據庫 | PostgreSQL (n8n) |
| 隊列 | Redis |

---

## 安裝步驟

### Step 1: 安裝 n8n (使用 brew)

```bash
# 安裝 n8n
brew install n8n
```

**驗證**:
```bash
n8n --version
# 2.3.5
```

---

### Step 2: 建立目錄

```bash
# 建立數據目錄
mkdir -p /Users/accusys/momentry/var/n8n

# 建立配置目錄
mkdir -p /Users/accusys/momentry/etc/n8n

# 建立日誌目錄
mkdir -p /Users/accusys/momentry/log

# 建立日誌文件
touch /Users/accusys/momentry/log/n8n.main.log
touch /Users/accusys/momentry/log/n8n.main.error.log
touch /Users/accusys/momentry/log/n8n.worker.log
touch /Users/accusys/momentry/log/n8n.worker.error.log

# 設定權限
chown -R accusys:staff /Users/accusys/momentry/var/n8n
chown -R accusys:staff /Users/accusys/momentry/etc/n8n
chown -R accusys:staff /Users/accusys/momentry/log
```

---

### Step 3: 數據遷移 (如果從舊位置遷移)

```bash
# 停止舊服務
sudo launchctl unload /Library/LaunchDaemons/com.n8n.main.plist
sudo launchctl unload /Library/LaunchDaemons/com.n8n.worker.plist

# 複製數據
cp -r /Users/accusys/.n8n/* /Users/accusys/momentry/var/n8n/

# 設定權限
chown -R accusys:staff /Users/accusys/momentry/var/n8n
```

---

### Step 4: 使用 plist 開機自動啟動

```bash
# 複製 plist 到 LaunchDaemons 目錄
sudo cp /Users/accusys/momentry_core_0.1/momentry_runtime/plist/com.momentry.n8n.main.plist /Library/LaunchDaemons/
sudo cp /Users/accusys/momentry_core_0.1/momentry_runtime/plist/com.momentry.n8n.worker.plist /Library/LaunchDaemons/

# 移除舊 plist (如果存在)
sudo launchctl unload /Library/LaunchDaemons/com.n8n.main.plist 2>/dev/null
sudo launchctl unload /Library/LaunchDaemons/com.n8n.worker.plist 2>/dev/null
sudo rm /Library/LaunchDaemons/com.n8n.main.plist 2>/dev/null
sudo rm /Library/LaunchDaemons/com.n8n.worker.plist 2>/dev/null

# 載入並啟動
sudo launchctl load /Library/LaunchDaemons/com.momentry.n8n.main.plist
sudo launchctl load /Library/LaunchDaemons/com.momentry.n8n.worker.plist
```

---

## 監控配置

### 添加到監控配置

在 `monitor/config/monitor_config.yaml` 中添加：

```yaml
service:
  services:
    - name: "n8n"
      type: "http"
      port: 5678
      host: "localhost"
      check_url: "http://localhost:5678/"
      timeout: 5
      enabled: true
```

### 添加健康檢查函數

在 `monitor/service/health_check.sh` 中添加：

```bash
check_n8n() {
    local start=$(date +%s%N)
    if curl -s http://localhost:5678/ > /dev/null 2>&1; then
        local end=$(date +%s%N)
        local ms=$(( (end - start) / 1000000 ))
        echo -e "${GREEN}✓${NC} n8n (5678) - ${ms}ms"
        record_service "n8n" "up" "$ms" ""
        return 0
    else
        echo -e "${RED}✗${NC} n8n (5678) - Down"
        record_service "n8n" "down" "0" "Connection failed"
        return 1
    fi
}
```

### n8n Workflow 監控

n8n 有專門的工作流監控腳本，請參考 `monitor/workflow/n8n_workflow_monitor.sh`。

---

## 卸載步驟

### 重要: 路徑說明

| 路徑 | 類型 | 說明 |
|------|------|------|
| `/Users/accusys/momentry/var/n8n/` | 數據 | **不要刪除** - n8n 數據 |
| `/Users/accusys/momentry/etc/n8n/` | 配置 | **不要刪除** - n8n 配置 |
| `/Users/accusys/momentry/log/` | 日誌 | **不要刪除** - n8n 日誌 |
| `/opt/homebrew/lib/node_modules/n8n/` | 安裝 | **刪除** - n8n 安裝目錄 |

### Step 1: 停止 n8n

```bash
# 停止 n8n 服務
sudo launchctl unload /Library/LaunchDaemons/com.momentry.n8n.main.plist
sudo launchctl unload /Library/LaunchDaemons/com.momentry.n8n.worker.plist

# 確認停止
ps aux | grep n8n | grep -v grep || echo "n8n 已停止"
```

---

### Step 2: 卸載 n8n

```bash
# 卸載 n8n
brew uninstall n8n

# 移除 plist
sudo rm /Library/LaunchDaemons/com.momentry.n8n.main.plist
sudo rm /Library/LaunchDaemons/com.momentry.n8n.worker.plist
```

---

### Step 3: 刪除專屬檔案

```bash
# 刪除數據目錄 (可選)
rm -rf /Users/accusys/momentry/var/n8n

# 刪除日誌 (可選)
rm -f /Users/accusys/momentry/log/n8n-*.log
```

**注意: 不要刪除以下共用目錄**:
```bash
# 這些是共用的，不要刪除!
# /Users/accusys/momentry/var
# /Users/accusys/momentry/log
# PostgreSQL n8n 數據庫 (如需保留)
```

---

### Step 4: 卸載後檢查清單

```bash
echo "=== n8n 卸載後檢查 ==="

# 1. 檢查 n8n 進程
echo "1. n8n Main 進程:"
ps aux | grep "n8n.*start" | grep -v grep && echo "   ✗ 仍在運行" || echo "   ✓ 已停止"

echo "2. n8n Worker 進程:"
ps aux | grep "n8n.*worker" | grep -v grep && echo "   ✗ 仍在運行" || echo "   ✓ 已停止"

# 2. Port 8085
echo "3. Port 8085:"
lsof -i :8085 > /dev/null 2>&1 && echo "   ✗ 仍被佔用" || echo "   ✓ 已釋放"

# 3. Port 5690-5691
echo "4. Port 5690-5691:"
lsof -i :5690 > /dev/null 2>&1 && echo "   ✗ 仍被佔用" || echo "   ✓ 已釋放"

# 4. n8n 命令
echo "5. n8n 命令:"
which n8n > /dev/null 2>&1 && echo "   ✗ 仍存在" || echo "   ✓ 已移除"

# 5. brew 安裝
echo "6. brew 安裝:"
brew list n8n > /dev/null 2>&1 && echo "   ✗ 仍存在" || echo "   ✓ 已移除"

# 6. launchctl 服務
echo "7. launchctl 服務:"
sudo launchctl list | grep n8n > /dev/null 2>&1 && echo "   ✗ 仍存在" || echo "   ✓ 已移除"
```

---

## 備份步驟

### 備份 n8n 數據

```bash
# 建立備份目錄
mkdir -p /Users/accusys/momentry/var/n8n_backup

# 1. 備份 PostgreSQL 數據庫
PGPASSWORD=accusys pg_dump -U accusys -d n8n > /Users/accusys/momentry/var/n8n_backup/n8n_database_$(date +%Y%m%d).sql

# 2. 備份用戶數據夾
cp -r /Users/accusys/momentry/var/n8n /Users/accusys/momentry/var/n8n_backup/

# 3. 壓縮備份
cd /Users/accusys/momentry/var && tar -czvf n8n_backup_$(date +%Y%m%d).tar.gz n8n_backup/

# 4. 清理臨時備份
rm -rf /Users/accusys/momentry/var/n8n_backup
```

### 還原數據

```bash
# 1. 停止 n8n
sudo launchctl unload /Library/LaunchDaemons/com.momentry.n8n.main.plist
sudo launchctl unload /Library/LaunchDaemons/com.momentry.n8n.worker.plist

# 2. 還原 PostgreSQL 數據庫
PGPASSWORD=accusys psql -U accusys -d n8n < /Users/accusys/momentry/var/n8n_backup/n8n_database_20260314.sql

# 3. 還原用戶數據夾
rm -rf /Users/accusys/momentry/var/n8n
cp -r /Users/accusys/momentry/var/n8n_backup/n8n /Users/accusys/momentry/var/n8n
chown -R accusys:staff /Users/accusys/momentry/var/n8n

# 4. 啟動 n8n
sudo launchctl load /Library/LaunchDaemons/com.momentry.n8n.main.plist
sudo launchctl load /Library/LaunchDaemons/com.momentry.n8n.worker.plist
```

---

## 手動檢查命令

```bash
# 1. 檢查進程
ps aux | grep n8n | grep -v grep

# 2. 檢查 Port
lsof -i :5678
lsof -i :5690
lsof -i :5691

# 3. 測試連線
curl http://localhost:5678/

# 4. 查看版本
n8n --version

# 5. 查看日誌
tail -20 /Users/accusys/momentry/log/n8n-main.log
tail -20 /Users/accusys/momentry/log/n8n-worker.log

# 6. 查看錯誤日誌
tail -20 /Users/accusys/momentry/log/n8n-main.error.log
tail -20 /Users/accusys/momentry/log/n8n-worker.error.log

# 7. 檢查 launchctl 狀態
sudo launchctl list | grep n8n
```

---

## 連線資訊

| 項目 | 值 |
|------|-----|
| URL | http://localhost:5678 |
| Domain | n8n.momentry.ddns.net |
| 數據庫 | PostgreSQL (n8n) |
| 隊列 | Redis |
| Encryption Key | Test3200Test3200Test3200 |

### Queue 模式端口

| 服務 | Port |
|------|------|
| Main | 5678 |
| Worker Broker | 5690 |
| Worker Health Check | 5691 |

---

## 環境變數

在 `.env` 中:

```env
N8N_URL=http://localhost:5678
N8N_USER_FOLDER=/Users/accusys/momentry/var/n8n
```

---

## 故障排除

### n8n 無法啟動

```bash
# 檢查日誌
tail -f /Users/accusys/momentry/log/n8n-main.log
tail -f /Users/accusys/momentry/log/n8n-worker.log

# 檢查環境變數
launchctl list | grep n8n

# 檢查數據庫連線
PGPASSWORD=accusys psql -U accusys -d n8n -c "SELECT 1"

# 檢查 Redis 連線
redis-cli -a accusys ping
```

### Port 被佔用

```bash
# 檢查哪個程序佔用 port
lsof -i :8085

# 終止佔用程序
kill <PID>
```

### 數據庫連線失敗

```bash
# 檢查 PostgreSQL
pg_isready -h 127.0.0.1 -p 5432 -U n8n

# 測試連線
PGPASSWORD=accusys psql -h 127.0.0.1 -U n8n -d n8n -c "SELECT version();"
```

### 需要重新載入 plist

```bash
# 卸載舊服務
sudo launchctl unload /Library/LaunchDaemons/com.momentry.n8n.main.plist
sudo launchctl unload /Library/LaunchDaemons/com.momentry.n8n.worker.plist

# 載入新服務
sudo launchctl load /Library/LaunchDaemons/com.momentry.n8n.main.plist
sudo launchctl load /Library/LaunchDaemons/com.momentry.n8n.worker.plist
```

---

## 檔案位置

| 類型 | 路徑 | 說明 |
|------|------|------|
| 安裝 | `/opt/homebrew/lib/node_modules/n8n/` | n8n 安裝目錄 |
| 執行檔 | `/opt/homebrew/bin/n8n` | n8n 執行檔 |
| 數據目錄 | `/Users/accusys/momentry/var/n8n/` | 數據儲存 |
| 配置目錄 | `/Users/accusys/momentry/etc/n8n/` | 配置儲存 |
| Main 日誌 | `/Users/accusys/momentry/log/n8n.main.log` | 主服務日誌 |
| Main 錯誤日誌 | `/Users/accusys/momentry/log/n8n.main.error.log` | 主服務錯誤日誌 |
| Worker 日誌 | `/Users/accusys/momentry/log/n8n.worker.log` | Worker 日誌 |
| Worker 錯誤日誌 | `/Users/accusys/momentry/log/n8n.worker.error.log` | Worker 錯誤日誌 |
| Main Plist | `/Library/LaunchDaemons/com.momentry.n8n.main.plist` | 主服務開機啟動 |
| Worker Plist | `/Library/LaunchDaemons/com.momentry.n8n.worker.plist` | Worker 開機啟動 |
| 備份 | `/Users/accusys/momentry/var/n8n_backup/` | 數據備份 |

---

## 數據庫資訊

n8n 使用 PostgreSQL 作為數據庫:

| 項目 | 值 |
|------|-----|
| Database | n8n |
| User | n8n |
| Host | 127.0.0.1:5432 |
| Password | accusys |

### Redis 隊列資訊

| 項目 | 值 |
|------|-----|
| Host | 127.0.0.1:6379 |
| Password | accusys |
| Mode | Queue (Bull) |

---

## 常用指令

```bash
# 啟動 n8n Main
n8n start

# 啟動 n8n Worker
n8n worker

# 查看版本
n8n --version

# 備份數據
PGPASSWORD=accusys pg_dump -U accusys -d n8n > n8n_backup.sql

# 重新載入服務
sudo launchctl unload /Library/LaunchDaemons/com.momentry.n8n.main.plist
sudo launchctl load /Library/LaunchDaemons/com.momentry.n8n.main.plist
```

---

## 版本資訊

- 版本: 2.3.5
- Main Port: 5678
- Worker Ports: 5690-5691
- 數據目錄: /Users/accusys/momentry/var/n8n/
- 日誌目錄: /Users/accusys/momentry/log/
- 數據庫: PostgreSQL n8n
- 隊列: Redis